基于Aspen Plus的原油蒸馏装置流程模拟及优化

常减压蒸馏是原油加工过程中的第一道工序,常减压蒸馏装置运行的优化程度对炼厂的下游加工流程及经济效益产生重要影响。以荆门石化350×104t/a常减压装置为对象,采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件,建立了与装置实际工况相符合的三塔全流程稳态模型,利用此模型,对常减压蒸馏装置的初馏塔、常压塔和减压塔进行灵敏度分析,以最佳轻油收率和减压渣油收率为优化目标,对加热炉出口温度、塔底汽提蒸汽量、各塔中段回流量、常压渣油350℃馏出量及减压渣油500℃馏出量,以及各参数之间的关系进行研究,并以计算数据为指导,对装置操作进行如下优化:将常压炉出口温度控制在360℃,将常压塔底汽提蒸汽量控制在2.7t/h,并对常压塔各中段回流量进行调整。经过调整优化,装置每年由于燃料油消耗下降而增加的直接经济效益达299.44万元。

Aspen Plus-based Process Simulation and Optimization for Crude Distillation Units

Atmospheric and vacuum distillation is the first step of the crude oil refining process.The optimization of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units has a significant influence on a refinery′s downstream processes and economic efficiency.In the case study presented by this article,the Aspen Plus process simulation software is used to establish a three-column whole-process steady-state model reflecting the actual operating conditions of Sinopec Jingmen Company′s 350×104t/a atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit.With the help of this model,researchers analyzed the sensitivity of the primary distillation column,the atmospheric distillation column and the vacuum distillation column of the unit,with the aim of optimizing light oil and vacuum residue yields,and studied the temperature at the outlet of the heater,the volume of stripping steam at the bottom of the column,the volume of reflux in the middle section of each column,the amount of distillate from atmospheric residue at 350℃ and the amount of distillate from vacuum residue at 500℃ as well as the relationships between various parameters.Based on data calculated in the above research,the following measures were taken to optimize the operation of the unit: maintaining the temperature at the outlet of the atmospheric furnace at 360℃;maintaining the amount of stripping stream at the bottom of the atmospheric column at 2.7t/h;and adjusting the amounts of reflux in the middle section of the atmospheric column.After the optimization,direct benefits from the decline in fuel oil consumption of the unit reached 2.9944 million yuan per year.