纳米诊疗制剂的设计与发展方向

癌症是一种具有高度异质性和极强适应性的疾病,需要根据病人的特点和疾病的进展选择不同类型的诊断和治疗方案。诊疗时联用纳米制剂能为患者提供各种个性化的诊断治疗方案,从而改善治疗效果。因此,研发新型多功能纳米诊疗制剂具有重要的意义。介绍了当前常用的诊断制剂和适用的治疗方法,诊断制剂包括X射线计算机断层扫描造影剂、超声造影剂、磁共振造影剂以及正电子发射断层扫描造影剂等,治疗方法包括化疗、放疗、光动力治疗、光热治疗以及基因治疗等。综述了近年来文献报道的各种典型的纳米诊疗制剂,并提出了诊疗制剂研究中存在的问题和今后可能的发展方向。

Design and Challenge of Nanotheranostic Agent

Cancer is a highly heterogeneous and adaptable disease,therefore,diverse types of treatment options need to be chosen depending on patient characteristics and disease progression.Theranostic nanoparticles provide patients with various treatment options that are suitable for individuals,and thereby result in improved prognosis.So it is important to develop novel multifunctional nano-theranostic agents.Commonly used diagnostic agents and treatment methods were introduced,such as diagnostic agents including X-ray computed tomography contrast agents,ultrasound contrast agents,MRI contrast agents and positron emission tomography imaging agents.Treatment methods include chemotherapy,radiotherapy,photodynamic therapy,photothermal therapy and gene therapy.A variety of typical nano-theranostic agents reported in recent years were reviewed,and the problems existed in the studies of theranostics and the possibly future development direction were also proposed.