两种离子液体溶剂干湿纺纤维素纤维的力学性能及孔结构研究

以离子液体氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑(BMIM]Cl)和醋酸1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑(EMIM]Ac)为溶剂,通过干喷湿法纺丝工艺成功制备了高强型、高抗原纤化型和普通型3种典型的再生纤维素纤维,采用纤度-强伸度仪、湿摩擦和小角X射线散射法对再生纤维素纤维的力学性能、孔尺寸及其取向分布进行了表征,并探讨了其成型机制。结果表明:纺丝成型时的溶剂种类、原料聚合度、原液挤出胀大、拉伸应力、取向效应等因素决定了再生纤维素纤维的聚合度和取向度,进而促进具有不同力学性能、孔径及孔取向分布再生纤维素纤维的形成。

Study of mechanical properties and pore structure of cellulose fibers regenerated from two ionic liquids by dry-wet spinning

By dry-wet spinning of cellulose/BMIM]Cl (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) solution and cellulose/EMIM]Ac (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) solution, three typical regenerated cellulose fibers with high-strength, fibrillation resistance, conventional strength respectively were successfully prepared. The mechanical properties, pore sizes and orientation of the regenerated cellulose fibers were investigated by utilizing tensile-fineness tester, wet friction and small angle X-ray scattering. The mechanism of formation was discussed. The results showed that ionic liquids, degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose, extrusion swelling, draw stress and orientation of the solution during the spinning process had significant impacts on the DP and orientation of the regenerated cellulose fibers, which promoted the formation of the regenerated cellulose fibers with various mechanical properties, pore sizes and pore orientation distributions.