垂直螺旋管道内单颗粒运动受旋转科氏力影响的试验研究

通过对垂直螺旋管道中单颗粒运动进行试验，采用单颗粒动力学模型对其受旋转科氏力影响的特性进行了分析。结果表明：颗粒在运动过程中主要受到离心力、有效重力、旋转科氏力及阻力的作用。颗粒速度与水流速度之比λ和旋转科氏力与离心力之比ζ存在明显的指数关系。当λ=1时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力为零；当λ>1时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力与离心力的方向相同，均为背离圆心方向；当λ<1时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力与离心力的方向相反。试验中颗粒所受旋转科氏力与离心力在同一数量级的概率为3/4。因此，在小尺度低速度旋转流下研究颗粒受力时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力不应被忽略。

Effect of Coriolis Force on Single Particle Movement in Vertical Spiral Duct

Based on kinetic model of single particle,forces upon the single particle in vertical spiral rectangular duct are analyzed.The results indicate that the whole motion of the particle is mainly affected by the centrifugal force,Coriolis force,effective gravity and drag force.There is an obvious exponential relation between λ and ζ,of which λ stands for the ratio of tangential velocity of particle to water velocity,and ζ represents the ratio of Coriolis force to centrifugal force.When λ =1,the Coriolis force acting upon particle equals zero;when λ >1,the Coriolis force and centrifugal force are in the same direction,both deviating from the center;while when λ <1,the Coriolis force and centrifugal force are in the opposite direction.The probability of Coriolis force being in the same order of magnitude with centrifugal force is 3/4.It’s concluded that the Coriolis force should not be ignored in analyzing the force upon particle in small-scale and low-speed rotational flow.