三峡-葛洲坝两坝间现行船队通航流量适应能力研究

三峡—葛洲坝两坝间河道通航难点段诸多,河道蜿蜒曲折,沟壑浅滩水流紊乱,并存在泡漩等不利的险恶流态,给船舶(队)的航行安全带来隐患。介绍了5套运行较多、具有代表性的船舶(队),在两坝间来流量45 000～35 000 m3/s时进行的通航船模试验成果。在来流量40 000 m3/s以下,各船队可通过两坝间各困难航段,其航行指标基本满足船队安全航行的要求,500 t以下的各小型船队应限定在来流量35 000 m3/s以下航行,较为安全;两坝间河道的6个困难航段中,上行较难的为喜滩和狮子垴段,居中为莲沱段、其次为石牌、偏垴和南津关段。该研究成果对今后两坝间行船有一定的实用价值和指导意义。

Adaptation of Fleets to the Navigable Discharge in the Waterway Between Three Gorges Project and Gezhouba Hydroproject

There are many perilous waterways  between Three Gorges Project and Gezhouba Hydroproject. Curved riverway, turbulent water flow, and adverse flow pattern such as whirlpool threaten the safe navigation of ships and fleets. Ship model test was carried out by five representative types of fleets under the discharge of 45 000-35 000 m3/s, and the test results were presented. When the flow discharge is less than 40 000 m3/s, the fleets can pass through all the perilous segments between Three Gorges Project and Gezhouba Project, and their sailing parameters meet the safe navigation requirements generally. For small ships whose load capacity are less than 500 t, the safe flow discharge should be limited to less than 35 000 m3/s. Among the six perilous segments in the riverway between Three Gorges Project and Gezhouba Project, Xitan riverway and Shizinao riverway are the most troublesome in terms of upward sailing difficulty, followed by Liantuo riverway, and then Shipai riverway, Piannao riverway and Nanjinguan riverway in sequence. The research results are of practical value and guiding significance to the navigation management between Three Gorges Project and Gezhouba Project.