跨河流的观测系统优化设计

实施跨越较大水域的三维地震数据采集时，水域排列缺失，造成满覆盖面积减少，影响浅层资料的连续性。以往跨水域施工排列沿岸边摆放较多，导致覆盖次数严重不均匀，采集脚印突出，不利于资料处理的一致性分析。通过模拟过大水域的观测系统，从接收和激发两个方面分析不同的优化方法，从覆盖次数均匀性、资料缺口、实施可行性等方面分析效果。充分利用沙洲进行观测系统的接收激发优化，尽量缩小最小炮点距的距离，同时采取更加均匀的激发点位分布，使浅层资料连续，水域周围覆盖次数保持均匀，减弱采集脚印的干扰．提高剖面的品质。

On Design for Cross-river Recording Geometry Optimization

In the process of 3D--seismic data acquisition across larger water area, the seismic spread in water is often missing, which decreases full coverage and affects the contiuity of shallow seismic data. More shot spreads were set out along the bank before, which leads to bad distribution of folds and obvious acquisition footprints against agree- ment analysis of data processing. Multiple optimization techniques are analyzed in shot and receiving through imita- tion of recording geometry across larger water area. Effect analysis is made in uniformity of folds, information gap and operational feasibility. To improve sectional quality, it is necessary to make most of sand bank to process shot-- receiving optimization for recording geometry, narrow the distance of minimum shotpoint spacing and meanwhile make shotpoints better distributed to insure the contiuity of shallow information, the uniformity of folds around wa- ter area and weak disturbance of acquisition footprints.