美国东北部大城市带人口空间分布特征及产业变动规律

通过对美国东北部大城市带人口空间分布和产业构成的研究,揭示出以下规律(1)城市带城镇等级“金字塔”结构明显,都市区人口增长从近郊区转向远郊区,中心城区则出现不同程度的复苏.(2)以金融信息为代表的生产性服务业、以批发零售业为代表的公共服务业、以医疗救助为代表的社会保障体系成为城市经济构成的三大支柱.(3)都市区产业呈现明显的圈层结构.中心城市以服务业为主导,近郊区制造业和批发商业比重较高,远郊区产业体系较为独立和均衡.(4)受都市区多中心结构的影响,城市带内产居关系逐步分离,通勤距离增加,通勤模式多样化.

The Characteristic of Population Spatial Layout and Industry Evolvement Law of Megalopolis in Northeastern Part of United States

By analysis on population spatial layout and the industrial structure of northeast megalopolis in northeastern United States,this paper concludes several laws as follows:(1)the Pyramid structure is obvious for urban hierarchy of megalopolis,population increases happened in outer suburban district rather than suburban,while the central city recovered to some degree.(2)There are three backbones constructed the urban economy system,which are producer services,public services and social security system.(3)The"ring structure" appears in the industrial system of metropolitan area.The central city takes service industry as the leadership,the manufacturing industry and the wholesale commerce proportion is high in suburban area,the industry system is more independent and balanced in the outer suburban district.(4)Under the influence of polycentric metropolis,the relationship between industry and residence separates gradually,and the commuting distance increases with the diversification of commuting pattern.