小型泵站能耗分析与节能研究

在规模以上的机电排灌工程中,小型泵站数量占比达95.5%,装机容量占60%,但由于小型泵站的装机容量小、分布散,因而对它的设计与管理工作远没有对大中型泵站那样重视,致使小型泵站一直处于高能耗、低效率状态。从目前小型泵站的规划设计、设备选型、运行管护等方面存在的不足着手,分析了泵站工程能耗的主要构成,并提出:规划是提升泵站效益的前提条件,设计是提升泵站效能的基础环节,管理是泵站效能充分发挥的关键所在。在规划及选址上,应充分考虑泵站上、下游河(渠)系与灌、排功能及周边水系的关系,规避实际运行中的灌排矛盾和水资源的浪费;在对输电线路、变压器、电动机、传动装置、水泵、管路、进出水建筑物及输水河渠的设计与选型过程中,应考虑到节能环节;在运行管理中,应重视工程设备的运行与维护,及时减少能耗损失。

Energy consumption analysis and energy conservation research of small pumping stations

Small pumping stations accounts for 95. 5% and 60% in term of number and installed capacity of electromechanical drainage and irrigation projects. Due to small installed capacity and scattered distribution of small pumping stations, their design and management do not attract enough attention as medium and large pumping stations, which leads to high energy consumption and low efficiency. Focusing on the deficiencies in planning and design, equipment selection, operation and maintenance, the major frame of energy consumption of small pumping stations are analyzed. It is proposed that planning is the precondition of im-proving efficiency while design is the basic step of improving efficiency, and that management is the key to the full play of the performance of pumping stations. In planning and site selection, the relationship among the downstream and upstream river sys-tems, the drainage and irrigation function of the station, and the surrounding water system should be considered to avoid conflicts of drainage and irrigation in operation and water waste. In designing and selecting power transmission routes, voltage transformer, motors, transmission gear, pumps, pipeline routes, intake and outlet structures and headrace canals, due attention should be paid to energy conservation. In operation and management, importance should be attached to the maintenance of equipment to re-duce energy loss.