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Variation in fatty acid composition of the different acyl lipids in seed oils from fourSesamum species
Authors:Afaf Kamal-Eldin  Lars Åke Appelqvist
Affiliation:(1) Department of Food Hygiene, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;(2) Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7051, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
Abstract:Seeds from different collections of cultivatedSesamum indicum Linn. and three related wild species specifically,S. alatum Thonn.,S. radiatum Schum and Thonn. andS. angustifolium (Oliv.) Engl.] were studied for their oil content and fatty acid composition of the total lipids. The wild seeds contained less oil (ca. 30%) than the cultivated seeds (ca. 50%). Lipids from all four species were comparable in their total fatty acid composition, with palmitic (8.2–12.7%), stearic (5.6–9.1%), oleic (33.4–46.9%) and linoleic acid (33.2–48.4%) as the major acids. The total lipids from selected samples were fractionated by thin-layer chromatography into five fractions: triacylglycerols (TAG; 80.3–88.9%), diacylglycerols (DAG; 6.5–10.4%), free fatty acids (FFA; 1.2–5.1%), polar lipids (PL; 2.3–3.5%) and steryl esters (SE; 0.3–0.6%). Compared to the TAG, the four other fractions (viz, DAG, FFA, PL and SE) were generally characterized by higher percentages of saturated acids, notably palmitic and stearic acids, and lower percentages of linoleic and oleic acids in all species. Slightly higher percentages of long-chain fatty acids (20∶0, 20∶1, 22∶0 and 24∶0) were observed for lipid classes other than TAG in all four species. Based on the fatty acid composition of the total lipids and of the different acyl lipid classes, it seems thatS. radiatum andS. angustifolium are more related to each other than they are to the other two species.
Keywords:Diacylglycerols  fatty acids  free fatty acids  polar lipids  sesame seeds            Sesamum                      S  alatum                      S  angustifolium                      S  indicum                      S  radiatum            steryl esters  triacylglycerols
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