油菜蜂花粉黄酮体外降糖活性研究

以总黄酮含量为考察指标,利用溶剂萃取和大孔树脂对油菜蜂花粉乙醇提取物进行分离纯化,富集黄酮,然后对不同极性组分进行抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶实验,并利用红外光谱（IR）和液-质联用（LC-MS）对体外降糖活性最高的组分进行化学成分分析。结果表明,黄酮类物质在抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性中起主要作用;AB-8大孔树脂纯化得到的PEFS-3组分总黄酮含量为68.77%,IC50为72.16μg/m L,远小于阿卡波糖的IC50（1124.86μg/m L）,表明其抑制效果强于阿卡波糖;PEFS-3组分中共鉴定出5种主要物质,其中4种为槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3,4’-双-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,第5种推断为亥茅酚苷或黄烷醇,具体结果还需进一步研究。 

Study on hypoglycemic activities of flavonoids of Brassica napus L.bee pollen in vitro

The crude alcoholic extract of Brassica napus L. bee pollen was treated by solvent extraction and macroporous resin, and α-glucosidase inhibition test on the depurated flavonoids in vitro was carried out. The components which had the strongest inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase were analyzed by IR and LC-MS.Results showed that the flavonoids played a vital role in inhibiting α-glycosidase enzymes. The purity of PEFS-3 which was made by AB-8 macroporous resin was 68.77%, and its IC50 was 72.16μg/m L, far less than the IC50 of acarbose (1124.86μg/m L) . Based on IR and LC-MS, five main components were identified in PEFS-3, and four kinds among them were flavonoid aglycones:Quercetin-3-O-β-D-pyranoid glucose base- (1→2) -β-Dpyranoid glycosidase, Kaempferol-3, 4 '-double-O-β-D-pyranoid glycosidase, Isohtamnetin-3-O-β-D-pyranoid glucose base- (1→2) -β-D-pyranoid glycosidase, Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-pyranoid glucose base- (1→2) -β-D-pyranoid glycosidase, and the fifth one was inferred to be sec-O-glucosylhamaudol or flavanol, its specific structure still need further confirmation.