基于代谢工程策略合成L-苹果酸研究进展

L-苹果酸在食品、医药、化工等领域被广泛应用。工业上以石油基原料为底物,通过化学法或酶法合成L-苹果酸。随着石油资源的日渐短缺,利用可再生资源以生物法合成L-苹果酸受到人们的重视。近年来应用代谢工程策略改造大肠杆菌、酵母菌等菌株,进行L-苹果酸的合成,具有一定应用前景。同时,应用合成代谢工程在体外构建代谢途径进行L-苹果酸合成,具有较高的理论价值。本文首先总结了L-苹果酸合成的代谢途径;其次对L-苹果酸合成的代谢工程策略进行了综述,包括强化L-苹果酸合成代谢途径、删除副产物合成途径、促进还原力再生,以期较为系统地阐述L-苹果酸代谢机制的研究现状;最后对L-苹果酸代谢工程的研究方向进行了展望。 

Advance in L-malate production based on metabolic engineering strategies

L-Malate was widely used in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. It was industrially produced using chemical or enzymatic method with petroleum derived resource as substrate. With reduction in oil resources, interest in the production of L-malate by microbial fermentation had been renewed. In recent years, metabolic engineering strategies have been applied to achieve L-malate production in Escherichia coli and yeasts etc., which showed certain application prospect. Meanwhile, L-malate synthesis by constructing metabolic pathways in vitro with synthetic metabolic engineering had high theoretical value. This paper summarized metabolic routes for L-malate synthesis in microorganisms. Thereafter, metabolic engineering strategies for L-malate production including enhancement of L-malate synthesis pathway, deletion of byproduct accumulation routes and improvement of redox-power regeneration were reviewed to systemically explain the progress in metabolic mechanism of L- malate. Finally, further research areas in metabolically engineered L- malate production were proposed.