蒸汽热力采油中抗高温调剖堵剂的应用与展望

稠油油藏开发过程中,受油藏层间非均质性、渗透率变化、原油性质差异、不利的流度比、重力分离、井距和油藏倾斜,以及原油黏度大、密度大、流动性差等因素的影响和制约,降低了蒸汽利用率和体积波及系数,导致油井吸汽剖面不均匀,含水率高、采出程度低,影响稠油油藏的高效开发.为解决这一问题,目前主要采取调剖堵水的方法来控制油井含水上升,进而提高原油采收率.稠油油藏主要采用热力采油方式,要求所使用的堵剂必须同时具备长期耐蒸汽温度和蒸汽冲刷的特性,以实现深度调剖和封堵汽窜通道的作用.本文所指的抗高温调剖剂,主要针对油藏温度高达250℃以上的稠油油田.分析固体颗粒型调剖剂、抗高温凝胶类调剖剂、高温泡沫调剖剂的原理及其在国内外的发展和应用状况,并对抗高温堵剂的发展方向进行展望.

The Application and Prospect of Profile Control and Plugging Agent with High Temperature Resistant in Steam Thermal Recovery

Reduced steam efficiency and volumetric sweep efficiency result in unequal steam absorption profile,high water cut,low recovery degree in the process of oil well production and low efficient development in the heavy oil reservoir.They are influenced by many factors,such as high crude oil′s viscosity and density and poor flow properties,and reservoir′s interlayer heterogeneity,permeability change,crude oil property difference,unfavorable mobility ratio,gravity separation,well spacing and angle as well.In order to solve these problems,we mainly take profile modification methods to control water cut rises in oil wells and to improve oilfield recovery efficiency.Because of thermal recovery is applied for developing the heavy oil reservoirs mainly,the plugging agent should have two characteristics of long resistance to steam temperature and steam scoured at the same time so as to realize the depth profile control and seal steam channel.The profile control agent with high temperature resistant introduced in this paper is available to the heavy oil reservoirs with more than 250℃ of the reservoir temperature.Principle and development and application conditions of profile control agents of solid particles types,high temperature resistant gel class and high temperature foam are analyzed and the future of the high temperature plugging agent is forecasted.