船舶疏水系统流量压力脉动特性研究

疏水系统在船舶中担任疏干排污等重要工作，其工作时产生的管道流量及压力脉动是系统产生振动噪声的主要原因。降低系统流量压力脉动、抑制系统噪声的关键之一是掌握系统流量压力脉动特性。通过分析低噪声柱塞泵的结构原理，结合疏水系统管道结构，建立完整的疏水系统仿真模型；通过试验台对仿真模型的准确性进行验证；最后基于仿真模型，对疏水系统特性及压力脉动的影响因素进行研究。结果表明：流量压力脉动主要作用频率为5 Hz和20 Hz;阀开度及管道长度对压力脉动影响较大，泵参数变化的影响较小，后续设计优化应优先考虑出口管道。

Research on Flow and Pressure Pulsation Characteristics of Ship Draining System

The draining system plays an important role in the draining of sewage in ships.The flow and pressure pulsation generated by the draining system are the main reasons for the vibration and noise of the system.One of the keys to reduce the flow and pressure pulsation and suppress the noise is to master the characteristics of pressure pulsation.A simulation model of draining system was established by analyzing the structure principle of low-noise piston pump and the pipeline structure of draining system.An experimental platform was built to verify the accuracy of the model.Finally,the characteristics of the draining system and different factors affecting the pressure pulsation were studied based on the model.The results show that the main frequency of flow and pressure pulsation is 5 Hz and 20 Hz;the opening of valve and length of pipeline have great influence on pressure pulsation while the pump parameter has little influence;the subsequent design and optimization of the draining system should give priority to the outlet pipeline.