铁道车辆热铆连接的有限元分析

为了进一步研究铁道车辆热铆连接过程,基于热固耦合有限元理论建立铆钉和铆接件的有限元模型,模拟热铆连接过程,并结合试验进行验证。将热铆连接变形过程分为6个阶段,分析铆钉在热铆连接过程中的受力和变形情况,并通过改变铆钉钉杆长度和镦头高度,分析不同参数对热铆连接的影响,并得到最佳热铆参数。结果表明:铆钉的最大应力集中在铆钉镦头和与铆接件边缘相接触的中心部位,最大应变集中在镦头靠近铆接件边缘的位置;钉杆长度小于一定值时,铆钉的最大应力均发生在铆钉镦头顶部和镦头与铆接件边缘相接触的中心部位,超过该值时,应力集中位置只出现在铆钉镦头顶部;铆钉的最大应力随镦头高度总体呈下降趋势。

Finite element analysis on hot riveting connection for railway vehicles

In order to study the hot riveting connection process of railway vehicles further,the finite element models of rivets and riveting parts were established based on the thermal-solid coupling finite element theory,and the hot riveting connection process was simulated and verified by experiments. Then,the deformation process of hot riveting connection was divided into six stages,and the force and deformation of rivet during the hot riveting connection process were analyzed. By changing the length of rivet rod and height of rivet head,the influences of different parameters on the hot riveting connection were analyzed,and the optimum hot riveting parameters were obtained. The results show that the maximum stress of the rivet is concentrated in the center of the contact area for the rivet head and the edge of riveting part,and the maximum strain is concentrated at the position of the rivet head near the edge of riveting part. When the length of rivet rod is less than a certain value,the maximum stress of the rivet occurs at the top of the rivet head and in the center of the contact area for the rivet head and the edge of riveting part. While the length of rivet rod exceeds this value,the stress concentration position appears only at the top of the rivet head,and the maximum stress of the rivet decreases with the increasing of the height of rivet head generally.