5A06铝合金鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形工艺

针对某5A06铝合金鞍型横梁,设计了等温挤压近净成形试验。通过Deform有限元分析研究了鞍型横梁等温挤压过程中金属流动规律和缺陷产生原因,并进行了毛坯尺寸和热挤压件图的优化。设计了鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形模具,可实现在普通压力机上加热管加热方式升温、成形后多顶杆同步脱模功能。通过等温挤压近净成形方法制备了长为580 mm、最薄壁厚为4 mm、筋高为8 mm、筋宽为6 mm的薄壁复杂多筋鞍型横梁,该构件90%以上部位尺寸精度可达到±0. 3 mm,其余部位尺寸精度可达±0. 5 mm,抗拉强度达340 MPa,伸长率约为25%。对等温挤压件装配部位进行少量机加,可获得3种不同尺寸的鞍型横梁。

Isothermal extrusion near-net forming process of saddle shaped beam for 5A06 aluminum alloy

For saddle shaped beam of 5A06 aluminum alloy,an isothermal extrusion near-net forming experiment was designed. Then,the metal flow law and the cause of defects in the isothermal extrusion process for saddle shaped beams were studied by finite element analysis Deform,and the blank size and the hot extrusion drawing were optimized. Furthermore,the isothermal extrusion near-net forming mold of saddle shaped beam was designed to realize the heating of heating pipe on the ordinary press and the simultaneous demoulding function of multi-rod after forming. Finally,a thin-walled complex multi-rib saddle shaped beam with the length of 580 mm,the thinnest wall thickness of 4 mm,the rib height of 8 mm and the rib width of 6 mm was obtained by the isothermal extrusion near-net forming method. And the dimensional accuracy for more than 90% of the saddle shaped beam reaches ± 0. 3 mm,while that of the other reaches± 0. 5 mm. In addition,the tensile strength is 340 MPa,and the elongation is about 25%. Thus,the saddle shaped beams with three different sizes can be obtained by adding a small amount of machining to assembly parts of isothermal extrusion parts.