行波管零件挤压成形质量影响因素分析

以电子行业中铣床加工的行波管零件作为研究对象,其加工形状复杂、尺寸小、形位公差要求高、加工难度较大,生产成本较高。针对这些要求和问题,设计了两种冷挤压成形方案,并利用Deform软件对成形过程进行了数值模拟,依据仿真结果采用了有四周约束的凹模,同时分析了上模加载速度、摩擦系数和保压时间对最终产品质量的影响。最终以尺寸相对偏差为评价指标,通过正交实验得到了行波管零件挤压成形最佳工艺参数组合:上模加载速度为60 mm·s^-1、摩擦系数为0.08、保压时间为3 min。并据此参数进行实验验证,得到了成形效果良好的行波管零件。研究结果对类似产品在生产中的工艺改进具有一定的指导意义。

Analysis on influencing factors of extrusion quality for traveling wave tube parts

The traveling wave tube(TWT)part processed by milling in an electronic industry has complex processing shape,small size,high requirements of form and position tolerances,large processing difficulty and high production cost.Based on the above requirements and problems,two kinds of cold extrusion schemes were designed,and the forming process was simulated by software Deform.According to the simulation results,the die with around constraints was used,and the influences of loading speed for upper die,friction coefficient and pressure holding time on the final product quality were analyzed.Finally,taking the relative deviation of dimensions as the evaluation index,the optimized technological parameters of extrusion for TWT parts were obtained by the orthogonal experiment with the loading speed of upper die of 60 mm·s-1,the friction coefficient of 0.08,and the pressure holding time of 3 min.Based on these parameters,experiments were conducted,and the traveling wave tube part with good forming effect was obtained.The research results have certain guiding significance for the process improvement of similar products in production.