梯级水库群泄洪设施联合调控研究

洪水灾害是我国最严重的自然灾害之一,水库防洪调度是有效避免或减轻洪水灾害的重要手段。当前水库防洪调度主要是运用优化算法获得水库的优化调度决策方案,鲜有考虑水库泄洪设施的运行控制,往往导致优化调度结果难以付诸实施。鉴于此,本文通过开展梯级水库群泄洪设施运用数字化,构建梯级水库群泄洪设施运用数据库,建立梯级水库群联合防洪调度模型,研究梯级水库群泄洪设施联合调控策略,并以雅砻江下游梯级水库群泄洪设施联合运行为例进行验证。结果表明：优化调度方案充分利用防洪库容调蓄,其泄流量过程比常规调度更加均匀,极大程度的削减了洪峰流量；同时,优化调度方案中梯级水库群泄洪设施变化总次数较常规调度明显减少,泄洪设施组合方案调整的频率明显降低。研究成果对推动梯级水库群防洪优化调度向泄洪设施运行控制的精细化和智能化转变,提升梯级水库群防洪调度管理水平具有重要的理论意义和工程实践价值。

Joint Regulation and Control of Cascade Reservoirs Flood Discharge Facilities

Flood disaster is one of the most serious natural disasters in China, flood control of reservoirs is an important means to effectively avoid or mitigate flood disasters. Currently, flood control dispatching of reservoirs mainly uses optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal dispatching decision-making scheme, rarely considering the operation control of reservoir flood discharge facilities, which often leads to the deviation of the actual flood dispatching results from the optimal dispatching results. In this paper, by studying the digitalization of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities, the database of flood discharge facilities using is established, and combining with the joint flood control model of cascade reservoirs, the joint control strategy of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities is studied. Taking the joint operation of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities in the lower reaches of Yalong River as an example, the discharge process of optimal dispatching scheme is more uniform than that of conventional dispatching, which greatly reduces the peak flow. At the same time, the total number of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities changes in the optimal dispatching scheme is significantly less than that of conventional dispatching, and the frequency of flood discharge facilities combination scheme adjustment is significantly reduced. The research results have important theoretical significance and engineering practical value for promoting the refinement and intellectualization of cascade reservoirs flood control optimal operation to the operation control of flood discharge facilities.