氢渗透传感器及其在海洋腐蚀环境中的应用

目的探究电化学氢渗透传感器在海洋腐蚀环境中的适用性以及相应腐蚀环境下高强度钢的氢渗透行为。方法设计和制作系列氢渗透传感器,将氢渗透传感器置于海洋大气腐蚀环境、模拟浪花飞溅区腐蚀环境和模拟海洋潮差区腐蚀环境,通过电化学氢渗透技术反映自然腐蚀条件下由腐蚀导致的氢向AISI 4135高强钢材料的渗透情况。结合各腐蚀环境下影响材料腐蚀速率的因素,分析各腐蚀环境下氢产生的机理。结果海洋大气腐蚀环境下由腐蚀引起的材料的氢渗透电流密度处在一个较小的数量级,氢渗透电流的大小与大气的绝对湿度呈正比例关系;模拟浪花飞溅区腐蚀环境下,氢渗透电流的大小与模拟浪花飞溅效应的海水喷淋间隔时间相关,相较于海水喷淋间隔为1 min条件下的氢渗透电流密度,喷淋间隔为10 min条件下的氢渗透电流密度的最大值更大。处于模拟海洋潮差区腐蚀的材料的氢渗透电流呈现周期性波动,并且前期氢渗透电流的波动幅值较大,而后趋于稳定。结论电化学氢渗透传感器在检测大气腐蚀环境和模拟浪花飞溅、模拟海洋潮差环境下由腐蚀引起的氢渗透电流的应用中,展现了良好的稳定性和可靠性,表明了相应试验海洋腐蚀环境下氢渗透电流的特点,不同腐蚀环境下材料的氢渗透行为差异较大。

Hydrogen Permeation Sensors and Their Application in the Marine Corrosive Environment

The work aims to investigate the applicability of the electrochemical hydrogen permeation sensors in marine corrosive environment and the hydrogen permeation behavior of high strength steel. Hydrogen permeation sensors were designed and fabricated and then placed in the corrosive environment of marine atmosphere, simulated marine splash zone and simulated tidal zone, respectively. Electrochemical hydrogen permeation technology was used to show the permeation of hydrogen into the AISI 4135 high strength steel due to corrosion in natural corrosion environment. Combined with the factors influencing the corrosion rate of material, the generation mechanism of hydrogen was investigated. The hydrogen permeation current density of material caused by corrosion in marine atmospheric corrosion environment was in a small magnitude, and the magnitude of it was proportional to the absolute humidity of atmosphere. In the simulated marine splash zone, the magnitude of hydrogen permeation current density was related to the spraying interval of sea water simulating the splash effect, and the maximum value of current density was larger under the condition of spraying interval of 10 min than that under the condition of spraying interval of 1 min. The hydrogen permeation current density exhibited periodic fluctuations in the simulated marine tidal zone, and the fluctuation was larger in the early age, but turned to be stable later. The application of hydrogen permeation current of electrochemical hydrogen permeation sensors caused by corrosion in the marine atmospheric corrosion environment, marine splash zone and marine tidal zone shows good stability and reliability and reflects the characteristics of hydrogen permeation current in different corrosion environments. The hydrogen permeation behavior of materials under different environments is quite different.