油田化学驱油技术的应用

三次采油是国家重点科技攻关项目,而化学驱油则是三次采油的主攻技术。化学驱油是向地层中注入化学物质,改变地层渗透率、岩石润湿性和驱替相黏度,因此注入液既能减小流度比又能增大毛细管数,从而使驱油效率和波及系数增加,达到提高原油采收率的目的。主要介绍碱驱、聚合物驱、表面活性剂驱、复合驱四种驱油技术的机理、研究进展、应用现状。对各种方法进行了评价和比较,并对化学驱油技术今后的发展提出了建议。

Application of Chemical Flooding Technology

Tertiary oil recovery is the national key science and technology project, and chemical flooding is the main technology of tertiary oil recovery. Chemical flooding is injecting chemicals into the formation, to change formation permeability, wettability and displaced phase viscosity. So the injection can reduce the mobility ratio and increase the number of capillary, so that the oil displacement efficiency and ripple coefficient increase to achieve the goal of improving oil recovery. In this paper, the mechanism, research progress and application status of alkaline flooding, polymer flooding, surfactant flooding and combination flooding were introduced. And all methods were evaluated and compared, and some suggestions on development of chemical flooding were put forward.