Variability of electricity load patterns and its effect on demand response: A critical peak pricing experiment on Korean commercial and industrial customers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Business and Technology Management, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;2. Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Korea Electric Power Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;3. Graduate School of Green Growth, College of Business, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Building, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, 117566 Singapore;2. Intelligent Environments Laboratory, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 301 E Dean Keeton St C1700, 78712 Austin, TX, USA;3. ETH Zürich, Institute of Technology in Architecture (ITA), Architecture and Building Systems (A/S) Stefano-Franscini-Platz 1, Zürich, Switzerland;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea;2. Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea;3. Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea;1. Department of Sociology, Environmental and Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9, DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark;2. School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, 100049 Beijing, China;3. Division of Sustainable Development Strategy, Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASISD), No.15, Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian District, 100190, Beijing, China;4. China Academy of Public Finance and Public Policy, Central University of Finance and Economics, 39 South College Road, Haidian District, 100081 Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | To the extent that demand response represents an intentional electricity usage adjustment to price changes or incentive payments, consumers who exhibit more-variable load patterns on normal days may be capable of altering their loads more significantly in response to dynamic pricing plans. This study investigates the variation in the pre-enrollment load patterns of Korean commercial and industrial electricity customers and their impact on event-day loads during a critical peak pricing experiment in the winter of 2013. Contrary to conventional approaches to profiling electricity loads, this study proposes a new clustering technique based on variability indices that collectively represent the potential demand–response resource that these customers would supply. Our analysis reveals that variability in pre-enrollment load patterns does indeed have great predictive power for estimating their impact on demand–response loads. Customers in relatively low-variability clusters provided limited or no response, whereas customers in relatively high-variability clusters consistently presented large load impacts, accounting for most of the program-level peak reductions. This study suggests that dynamic pricing programs themselves may not offer adequate motivation for meaningful adjustments in load patterns, particularly for customers in low-variability clusters. |
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| Keywords: | Demand response Critical peak pricing Variability of load patterns Clustering of customers Heterogeneity Load impacts |
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