Exploiting cooperative relays to enhance the performance of energy-harvesting systems over Nakagami-<Emphasis Type="Italic">m</Emphasis> fading channels

This paper investigates a time-switching energy-harvesting system in which a source communicates with a destination via energy-constrained amplify-and-forward relays. To exploit the benefit of using multiple relays, we propose a relay scheduling called consecutive relay selection (CRS), which allows all relays to assist the source-to-destination communication, to improve the transmission efficiency of the time-switching policy. The partial relay selection (PRS) is examined for performance comparison. The selected relay in the PRS protocol is considered in two cases: in one, it is selected based on the first-hop channel gains (PRS-1 protocol), and in the other, it is selected based on the second-hop channel gains (PRS-2 protocol). For performance evaluation, the analytical expressions of the outage probability and throughput for Nakagami-m fading channel are derived. Our results show that the CRS protocol outperforms the PRS protocol in terms of throughput, the PRS-1 protocol achieves better performance than the PRS-2 protocol. Moreover, we discuss the effects of various key system parameters on system performance, such as the energy-harvesting ratio, source transmission rate, and locations of relays, to provide insights into the various design choices.