黑河流域中游地区地下水水位多年变化特征

为了解黑河中游地区多年地下水位动态变化情况,依据收集的地下水水位观测资料,以均值的方法计算了1986～2011年地下水位年均变幅值K,并进行了相关分析。结果表明,地下水位多年动态变化过程可划分为快速下降、缓慢下降、基本稳定、缓慢上升和快速上升5种类型,得出了研究期地下水位变化特征。整体上看,研究区地下水水位表现出明显的阶段性;第一阶段为1986～2001年,地下水水位呈普遍下降趋势;第二阶段为2001～2011年,地下水水位下降速度减缓,部分地区呈逐渐抬升的趋势。地下水位变化由人为因素和自然因素共同控制,其中人为因素尤其是工农业生产和国家政策对地下水水位的影响较大。

Variation Characteristics of Groundwater Level in the Middle Reaches of the Heihe River Basin

In order to understand the dynamic change of underground water level for many years in the middle reaches of the Heihe River, based on the collected water level observation data, the average method was used to calculate the annual average amplitude K of underground water level in 1986-2011, and a correlation analysis was carried out. The results show that the dynamic change process of underground water level can be divided into five types of falling fast, slow down, basic stable, slowly rising and rising fast. The variation characteristics of groundwater table in the study period was obtained. Overall, water level in the study area shows obvious stages. In the first stage of 1986-2001, groundwater level presents common downward trend. In the second stage of 2001-2011, the decline of groundwater table has slowed, some parts show upward trend gradually. The change of groundwater level is controlled by human factors and natural factors. Among of human factors, especially industrial and agricultural production and national policy have greater impact on the groundwater table.