乌东德及白鹤滩特高拱坝智能建造关键技术

金沙江乌东德、白鹤滩水电站是目前世界上在建的规模最大、技术难度最高、建设环境条件最复杂的大型水电工程，需要建设300 m级特高混凝土双曲拱坝，面临众多关键技术难题和安全优质建设的管理挑战。本文遵循“全面感知、真实分析、实时控制”的闭环智能控制理论，将现代信息技术与水电工程建设深度融合，构建了聚焦核心工艺过程与主要业务流程的大坝智能建造技术路线。围绕安全优质高效建设乌东德和白鹤滩两座特高拱坝的工程需求，对混凝土施工质量全环节实时监控、混凝土温控全过程实时控制、工程全生命期安全与工作性态评价、全坝低热水泥混凝土性能复核、智能建造管理平台iDam深化研发等关键技术进行了探索研究和实践应用，并研发相应的智能化控制设备和管理系统。工程实践表明，智能建造中形成的关键技术及管理平台极大提高了工程建设的技术水平和管理效率，将提升中国水电的核心竞争力，为“一带一路”水电工程开发和基础设施工程建设提供更好的技术支撑。

Key technologies of intelligent construction of Wudongde and Baihetan super high arch dams

The Wudongde and Baihetan hydropower stations on the Jinsha River are the largest hydropower projects under construction with application of the most challenging technologies under complicated environmental conditions. Construction of the 300-meter super high concrete arch dams is faced with multiple key technological obstacles and management challenges in safety and high quality. Based on the principle of intelligent closed-loop control of comprehensive perception, real analysis and real-time control, this paper deeply integrates the modern information technologies with hydropower engineering construction and formulates an intelligent dam construction technology route focusing on the core construction processes and main business processes. To meet the demands of building these two dams in safety and high quality, key technologies ? such as whole-process real-time monitoring of concrete construction, real-time control of concrete temperature, whole life cycle safety and work performance evaluation, performance review of low-heat cement concrete dam, and in-depth research of an intelligent construction platform iDam ? have been explored and applied, and related intelligent control equipment and management systems have been developed. Engineering practice shows that the key technologies and management platforms achieved in the intelligent construction have greatly improved the technology performance and management efficiency of project construction, enhanced the core competitiveness of Chinese hydropower industry, and provided better technical support for the development of hydropower project and infrastructure construction along the Belt and Road.