高速列车车体数值模拟和优化设计

针对高速列车车体的强度和疲劳损伤问题,对高速动车组车体结构进行有限元分析和强度校核.结果表明,头车和中间车的最大应力均发生在车钩载荷施加附近的极小区域内,且应力值大于许用应力值,此处结构可能产生局部破坏,在车体试验时需要重点关注.为增强车钩强度,采用灵敏度分析方法优化头车车钩载荷施加区域、更改圆孔弧度,在很大程度上降低局部应力峰值,优化设计后的车体满足强度要求.

Numerical simulation and optimization design for high speed train body

As to the issues of strength and fatigue damage of high speed train body, the finite element analysis on body structure of high speed electric multiple unit is done to check the strength. The results show that the maximum stresses of the first carriage and the middle carriages appeared at a minuscule area nearby the coupler load area, and the stresses are out of the allowable stress, that is to say the local damage may occur at these parts which need to be focused on in body test. To enhance the strength of the couplers, the coupler load area is optimized by using the sensitivity analysis method, and then the local peak stress is reduced significantly by modifying the hole radian. The car body meets the strength requirements after optimization design.