流域水量水质耦合水资源配置

水资源的合理配置是水资源可持续利用的核心问题,传统的水资源配置研究中缺乏对水质因素的充分考虑.选取汉江中下游为研究区域,建立了汉江中下游水量水质耦合模型.依据流域产流、产污的特征,考虑水系的特征和完整性以及植被覆盖和土地利用状况,兼顾行政区划的完整,结合水功能区划及水功能区的管理要求,将研究区域按河道内外划分为若干个河段和箱体.箱体内产流利用新安江三水源模型,产污考虑工农业生产和生活,建立箱体水量水质模型;河道内采用水动力学水质一维河网模型,计算河道水质输移转化.该模型定量地研究了水资源系统水量和水质变化,为拟定和优化水资源供给配置方案提供科学依据.

A coupled water quantity-quality model for water resources allocation

As the demand for water continuously increases with population growth and economic development, conventional allocation pattern, which mainly considers water quantity as the key factor, is no longer satisfying the need of current water allocation. A coupled water quantity-quality model for water resources allocation in the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River is presented; in which water quantity and quality are both considered as key factors in water allocation process. The pollutants transport and hydrological cycling processes in a river basin are involved in the model. The river network in the river basin is divided into different reaches; and the areas outside of the river are divided into a series of tanks according to the characteristics of water system, land use, administrative areas and water function regionalization. In each tank, hydrologic processes, pollutant loading production, water demand of users and water supply are calculated. In river network, hydrodynamics processes and water quality are simulated. Water quantity and quality exchanges between each tank and river are also considered. This model can reflect the changes of water quantity-quality in the river basin quantitatively, so as to provide scientific support for water resources allocation.