机组间偏航和有功功率综合协调的海上风电场增效方法

以海上风电场风向和风速较稳定,尾流效应对风电场功率影响明显为背景,综合协调机组间偏航角、有功功率,改善机组间气动耦合,提高各机组有功功率之和。给出了考虑偏航的尾流模型,克服了经典尾流模型边界处不连续导致风电场功率优化困难的问题。然后建立以机组偏航角和诱导因子为调节手段的风电场有功功率优化模型。继而,基于尾流传播路径,对机组进行分群,将风电场整场优化问题转化为各群内部优化问题,减少优化对象数,降低问题规模。重点结合在线仿真和机器学习技术,提出各群内部功率优化问题求解方法。最后将优化结果整定为机组参考有功功率和参考偏航角,各机组据此运行。该方案计算开销小,无需额外增加风电场控制系统计算资源,对通信环境无特殊要求,同时,仿真结果表明,提出的方案能有效提升海上风电场有功功率,提高风电场经济效益。

Effective Optimization Method for Offshore Wind Farm Considering Comprehensive Coordination of Yaw and Active Power Among Wind Turbines

By considering the steady wind regime and the obvious influence on wind turbine power due to wake effect on the offshore farm, the yaw angle and active power among wind turbines are comprehensively coordinated, which improves aerodynamic coupling among turbines and total active power. A wake model is proposed which takes the yaw angle into account, and it is pointed out that as the boundary in the classical wake model is discontinuous, it is hard to solve the plant power optimization. By setting yaw angle and induction factor as regulation means, a wind farm active power optimization model is developed. Then, grouping on turbines based on the wake propagation path, the whole wind farm optimization problem is transformed into internal optimization problem in each group, which decreases the number of optimization objects and reduces problem scale. Focus is on combining online simulation with machine learning, and a solving method for internal power optimization problem for each group is proposed. Finally, optimization results are set as reference active power and reference yaw angle for each turbine to go by. Each turbine operates according to reference active power and reference yaw angle set by the optimization results. The scheme requires less computation cost, does not need to increase computing resources of the wind farm control system and has no special requirement for communication environment. In addition, numerical simulations show that the proposed scheme effectively increases the total active power and improve economic benefits in an offshore wind farm.