具有吸水保水功能的改性魔芋共聚物包膜缓释尿素的制备及其性能研究

以烯丙基硫脲改性魔芋葡甘聚糖为包膜剂制备包膜缓释尿素。对包膜缓释材料进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征,并分析其吸水性能;评价温度及土壤水含量对包膜缓释尿素氮素溶出率的影响,利用土柱淋溶法检测包膜缓释尿素的缓释效果,并分析缓释尿素对白菜的生长影响。结果表明,烯丙基硫脲接枝魔芋葡甘聚糖在接枝率为35%~45%时,吸水性能最好,吸水量高达794 g/g;随着温度和土壤水含量的升高,包膜缓释尿素氮素溶出率逐渐增加;氮素溶出具有典型的缓释肥溶出特征,表现出良好的缓释效果;白菜对缓释尿素中氮素的利用率提高。

Preparation and properties of slow-release urea coated by modified konjac glucomannan copolymer with superabsorbent and water-retention

Coated slow-release urea is prepared using konjac glucomannan modified by allylthiourea as coating material. Coating materials are characterized by SEM and its water absorption is analyzed, nitrogen dissolution rate of coated slow-release urea is evaluated at different temperatures and different soil water content, the soil column leaching experiments is used to examine sustained-release behavior, and the impact of slow-release urea on the growth of Chinese cabbage is also analyzed. The results show that when the grafting rate of konjac glucomannan modified by allylthiourea is 35% to 45%, coating material has the best water absorption capacity up to 794 g/g;with the increasing of temperature and soil water content, nitrogen dissolution rate gradually increased;the nitrogen dissolution presents the characteristics of the typical slow-release fertilizer, indicating that the coated urea shows a good slow released behavior;the utilization of slow-release fertilizer on Chinese cabbage is also greatly improved.