无线传感器网络中基于能量优化的路由协议ANT-LEACH

经典路由协议LEACH采用自适应分簇算法，簇头与基站直接通信，因此一旦二者距离较远，则这种单跳传输方式将消耗较多能量，并最终导致整个网络运行失效。提出一种改进的基于能量优化的路由协议ANT LEACH，该协议将蚁群优化算法融入到簇头选路过程中，重点引入引力度函数概念对蚁群选择概率公式和信息素更新规则进行改进，充分考虑簇头节点的剩余能量，在簇头与基站之间找到一条能量最优路径，变单跳为多跳传输方式。仿真结果表明该协议有效地降低了节点能耗，延长了网络的生存时间，并保证了整个网络负载的平衡。

ANT-LEACH: LEACH routing protocol integrated energy optimization by ant colony optimization in wireless sensor network

The classical routing protocol Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) adopts adaptive clustering algorithm, and cluster heads communicate directly with base station. The longer the distance, the more energy will be consumed in the way of single-hop transmission. Eventually, the whole network will be out of work. An advanced routing protocol based on energy optimization named ANT-LEACH was proposed, which adopted the strategy of combining the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm with routing process of cluster head nodes. This protocol introduced lead force function to improve the ant transition probability and the pheromone updating rule. And it would take full account of the cluster head nodes' residual energy, make sure to find the optimal path between cluster heads and base station, and change the single-hop transmission to multi-hop. The simulation results demonstrate that this algorithm can effectively reduce nodes' energy consumption, prolong the lifetime of whole network and ensure load balance.