基于多参数评价体系的三种人工湿地净化能力研究

以玉溪海绵城市试点区人工湿地项目为依托,对表面流、水平潜流和垂直潜流三种类型人工湿地净化能力进行了多参数评价。通过对多个污染物参数进行为期两年的污染物监测,对比分析了三种人工湿地的水质净化能力。通过试验研究发现,三种类型人工湿地对污染物的去除效果和机理不同,对BOD5去除率最高;对水质中BOD5、COD、TN、TP和高锰酸盐指数指标去除效果最好的为垂直潜流人工湿地,水平潜流人工湿地次之,去除效果最差的为表面流人工湿地;对水质中NH4+-N去除效果最好的为垂直潜流人工湿地,表面流人工湿地次之,去除效果最差的为水平潜流人工湿地;在不同类型人工湿地对植被的N含量、P含量、N积累量和P积累量方面,垂直潜流人工湿地均显著高于水平潜流和表面流人工湿地。

Study on Purification Ability of Three Kinds of Constructed Wetlands Based on Multi-parameter Evaluation System

The purification ability of three types of constructed wetlands, namely free surface flow, horizontal subsurface flow and vertical subsurface flow wetlands were evaluated by multiple parameters based on the project of constructed wetland in the pilot area of Yuxi sponge city. The water purification ability of three different constructed wetlands were compared and analyzed by monitoring several pollutant parameters for two years. It was found that the removal efficiency and mechanism of three types of constructed wetlands were different, and the removal efficiency of BOD5 was the highest among all the pollutants. The most effective removal of BOD5, COD, TN, TP and potassium permanganate indexes was vertical subsurface flow wetland, followed by horizontal subsurface flow wetland, and free surface wetland had the worst effect. The best removal efficiency of NH4^+-N was vertical flow wetland, followed by free surface wetland, and the worst removal efficiency was horizontal subsurface flow wetland. The average data of vertical subsurface flow wetland were significantly higher than horizontal subsurface flow wetland and free surface wetland in terms of N content, P content, N accumulation and P accumulation of vegetation in different types of constructed wetlands.