KCFs识别法筛查引黄济青集水区水质安全风险

鉴于长距离调水工程需面临复杂多变的环境条件,筛查其水质安全风险有利于加强受水地区饮用水安全风险管控,保障居民饮水安全。以引黄济青集水区为例,基于集水区沿线监测数据,识别决定引黄济青集水区水质的关键控制因子(KCFs),并在其范围内进一步分析筛查出的风险因子,确定水质安全风险清单。分析结果表明,由于取水时泥沙吸附的污染物释出及干渠后段Fe和TP等污染,集水区水质两度变差,是水质风险集中的区域,但在随后的环节中水质好转,较大程度上消除了风险;氮和磷是影响集水区水质的主要指标,但南水北调的水明显缓解了干渠的富营养化;调水汇入量和pH值的变化、湿地系统和棘洪滩水库净化功能丧失则会引发潜在的安全风险。因此,KCFs识别法应用于长距离调水工程是可行的。

Screening Water Quality Safety Risks in Catchment from Yellow River to Qingdao by KCFs Recognition Method

As long distance water diversion projects facing complex and variable environmental conditions, screening water quality safety risk is conducive to strengthening the risk management and control of drinking water in the service area and ensuring the safety of drinking water for residents. Based on the monitoring data obtained along the catchment of water diversion from Yellow River to Qingdao, the key control factors ( KCFs) which determined the water quality in the catchment were identified , amongst which the risk factors were further analyzed and screened to determine the list of water quality safety risks. The results showed that the water quality of the catchment had deteriorated twice clue to the release of pollutants adsorbed by sediment during water intake and iron and phosphorus pollution in the second half section of the main canal, and the catchment was a high water quality risk area. However, the subsequent improvement of water quality largely eliminated the risk. Nitrogen and phosphorus were the main indexes influencing the water quality, but the water from south-to-north diversion obviously alleviated the eutrophication risks in the main canal. The change of water intake & pH and the invalidation of the wetland system & reservoir purification function could lead to potential safety risks. Therefore, it is feasible to apply KCFs recognition method in long distance water diversion projects.