美国合流制溢流控制标准分析及对我国的启示

合流制溢流(CSO)具有污水与降雨径流双重特性,受随机降雨、多污染源、阶段数据等条件影响,CSO控制标准以基于控制效果的年均溢流频次、年溢流体积控制率和年污染物总量削减率为主;CS0控制标准的确定以受纳水体水质为目标导向,以数据为基础,采用“流域治理、污染分担”策略,经技术经济分析确定。简要梳理了美国CSO控制标准确定的政策法规基础和方法,以期为我国CSO控制标准的确定以及“厂网一体、灰绿结合”技术路线、排放许可等配套政策法规的制定提供参考。

Analysis of Combined Sewer Overflow Control Standards of the United States and Its Enlightenment to China

Combined sewer overflow ( CSO) has the dual characteristics of sewage and rainfall runoff, which is affected by random rainfall events, multiple pollution sources, periodic data and other conditions. CSO control standards are mainly based on the control effect, including annual average overflow frequency, overflow volume capture rate and pollutant loads reduction rate. The determination of CSO control standards is oriented to the target of receiving water quality, which is based on large amounts of data and determined by technical-economic analysis through adopting the strategy of " watershed treatment & pollution sharing”. The policy and regulatory basis and method for the determination of CSO control standards in the United States were briefly analyzed, so as to provide reference for the determination of CSO control standards, establishment of technology route of " integration of wastewater treatment plant and network, combination of green and grey infrastructureand development of discharge permits and other supporting policies and regulations in China.