A voltammetric electronic tongue as tool for water quality monitoring in wastewater treatment plants |
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Authors: | Campos Inmaculada Alcañiz Miguel Aguado Daniel Barat Ramón Ferrer José Gil Luis Marrakchi Mouna Martínez-Mañez Ramón Soto Juan Vivancos José-Luis |
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Affiliation: | a Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain b Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022, Valencia, Spain c Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain d Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain e Laboratoire d’Ecologie et Technologie Microbienne, INSAT, Centre Urbain Nord, BP676, 1080 Tunis Cedex, Tunisia f CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain g Departamento de Proyectos de Ingeniería, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain |
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Abstract: | The use of a voltammetric electronic tongue as tool for the prediction of concentration levels of certain water quality parameters from influent and effluent wastewater from a Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor pilot plant applied to domestic wastewater treatment is proposed here. The electronic tongue consists of a set of noble (Au, Pt, Rh, Ir, and Ag) and non-noble (Ni, Co and Cu) electrodes that were housed inside a stainless steel cylinder which was used as the body of the electronic tongue system. As a previous step an electrochemical study of the response of the ions sulphate, orthophosphate, acetate, bicarbonate and ammonium was carried out in water using the electrodes contained in the electronic tongue. The second part of the work was devoted to the application of the electronic tongue to the characterization of the influent and effluent waters from the wastewater treatment plant. Partial Least Squares analysis was used to obtain a correlation between the data from the tongue and the pollution parameters measured in the laboratory such as soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs), soluble biological oxygen demand (BODs), ammonia (NH4-N), orthophosphate (PO4-P), Sulphate (SO4-S), acetic acid (HAC) and alkalinity (Alk). A total of 28 and 11 samples were used in the training and the validation steps, respectively, for both influent and effluent water samples. The electronic tongue showed relatively good predictive power for the determination of BOD, COD, NH4-N, PO4-P, SO4-S, and Alk. |
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Keywords: | Domestic wastewater Monitoring On-line sensors Voltammetric electronic tongue |
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