边远沙漠小型油田原油外输方式优化研究

为确定适用于边远沙漠小型油田的原油外输方式,采用数值模拟方法对不同工况下的输油管道水热力参数进行了优化计算。应用管道轴向温降公式计算了不同产能阶段的热力允许最小安全输量,发现仅依靠出站温度和压力不能顺利将原油输送至终点。根据最低经济流速对四个产能阶段进行管径初选,并在此基础上计算了不同阶段不同管径管道输油的水热力参数,结果表明:产能为10×10~4t/a、20×10~4t/a两个工况时不适合采用管道输油,应考虑建立原油中转库并使用汽车罐车外运原油;产能为30×10~4t/a工况时,管道输油需要沿线设置2~3座加热站及2座泵站,但建设和运行成本较高;产能增加至50×10~4t/a时,管线水热力状况明显好转,可以采用管道输油。

Optimization Study of Crude Oil Transportation Mode for Small Oilfield in Remote Desert

In order to determine the crude oil transportation mode suitable for small oilfields in a remote desert,the hydraulic and thermal parameters of oil transportation pipeline under different working conditions are optimized and calculated by using numerical simulation method.The minimum allowable thermal safe throughput at different production stages is calculated using the pipeline axial temperature drop formula.It is found that the crude oil could not be transported to the terminal by relying only on the outbound temperature and pressure.According to the minimum economic flow rate,the pipe diameter of four production stages is selected,and then the hydrothermal parameters of different pipe diameters in different stages are calculated.The results show that the two stages of production capacity of 10×10~4t/a and 20×10~4t/a are not suitable for pipeline oil transportation,and consideration should be given to the establishment of a crude oil transfer depot and the use of tankers to transport crude oil When the production capacity is 30×10~4t/a,2 to 3 heating stations and 2 pumping stations should be set up along the pipeline,but the construction and operation cost is high.When the production capacity is increased to 50×10~4t/a,the pipeline hydraulic and thermodynamic conditions are obviously improved,and pipeline transportation can be adopted.