堆浸工艺中溶质运移的数学模型及其解析解

堆浸工艺中溶质的运移可归结为多孔多相介质中的传质运动。溶质在矿堆中的输运与分布将受到对流、分子弥散、机械逸散、不动水效应、化学反应等多种物理和化学因素的影响, 使溶质的运移变得十分复杂, 并难以定量描述。综合考虑以上影响因素, 分别建立了堆浸中可动和不可动区溶质运移模型。根据质量守恒定律, 推导出堆浸过程溶质运移的基本方程, 在忽略对流的情况下, 给出了方程解的解析表达式, 并由此确定水动力弥散系数。针对某工程实例进行计算, 计算结果较为合理。

The Mathematical Model of the Solute Transportation in the Heap Leaching and the Analytic Solutions

The solute transportation during heap leaching in fact is a kind of solute transportation in the saturated or unsaturated porous media. The transportation and the distribution of the solute in the ore leaching are influenced by many physical and chemical factors, such as advection, molecular diffusion, mechanical dispersion, immobile water effect, chemical reaction and so on, which make it complicated and difficult to describe solute transportation quantitatively. Taking all those affecting factors into account, the solute transportation models in the mobile and immobile regions are built respectively in this paper. According to the mass balance principle, the basic equation for the solute transportation is set and the analytic solutions can be given while the advection terms being neglected, thus hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient can be determined. At last the calculation results based on some practical projects are found to be more reasonable.