含PVC混合塑料水热反应中的氯迁移特性

聚氯乙烯(PVC)的大量使用导致城市生活垃圾(MSW)中的氯含量相对较高。水热反应将氯尤其是有机氯高效脱除是实现垃圾无害化处理和资源化利用的前提。MSW中塑料组分复杂，有机氯主要来源于PVC，研究影响PVC水热脱氯中氯迁移特性的因素具有重要意义。选取两种型号(HB-65和S-65)的PVC和聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)作为原料，研究了PVC自身性能和水热条件对氯脱除的影响规律，考察了塑料混合水热过程中的氯迁移特征。结果表明，PVC自身性能是影响水热脱氯内在因素，水热条件如水热温度、保温时间和反应物浓度是外在因素。塑料因不同的热膨胀性在混合水热过程中存在协同效应，添加PP和ABS使PVCHB-65脱氯率分别下降了71.66%和70.96%，使PVCS-65脱氯率分别下降了19.05%和18.15%；添加PE和PS使PVCHB-65脱氯率分别下降了71.06%和43.06%，使PVCS-65脱氯率分别升高了8.20%和46.70%。

Chlorine migration characteristics in hydrothermal reaction of mixed plastics containing PVC

The high chlorine content in municipal solid waste (MSW) was caused by the large use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The efficient removal of chlorine, especially organic chlorine, by hydrothermal reaction was the premise to achieve harmless treatment and resource utilization of waste. The plastic components in MSW were complex and organic chlorine mainly came from PVC. Therefore, it was of great significance to study the factors affecting chlorine migration characteristics in PVC hydrothermal dechlorination. Two types of PVC (HB-65 and S-65) and polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) were selected as raw materials to explore the effects of PVC's own performance and hydrothermal conditions on chlorine removal and investigate the characteristics of chlorine migration in the hydrothermal reaction of mixed plastics. The results showed that PVC's own performance was the internal factor affecting the hydrothermal dechlorination. Hydrothermal conditions such as hydrothermal temperature, residence time and reactant concentration were the key external factors affecting the hydrothermal dechlorination. There was a synergistic effect in the mixed plastics hydrothermal reaction due to different thermal expansion. The addition of PP and ABS decreased the dechlorination rate of PVCHB-65 by 71.66% and 70.96%, respectively, and decreased the dechlorination rate of PVCS-65 by 19.05% and 18.15%, respectively. The addition of PE and PS decreased dechlorination rate of PVCHB-65 by 71.06% and 43.06% respectively, while increased the dechlorination rate of PVCS-65 by 8.20% and 46.70%, respectively.