中国重油沥青资源的形成与分布

中国重油多具陆相成因特点:硫、微量元素及饱和烃含量均低.严重生物降解等稠变作用对甾萜化合物和多环芳烃均产生影响,并造成原油及族组分较大幅度的稳定碳同位素分馏.重质油藏多为新构造运动产物,与常规油藏有一定共生关系.中国重油沥青资源分布广泛,储量丰富.

FORMATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF HEAVY OIL BITUMEN RESOURCES IN CHINA

Heavy oil in China is characterized by terrestrial genesis:low content of sulfur,traceelements and saturated hydrocarbon. Serious thickening resulted by biodegradation, waterwashing and free oxygen oxidization not only has effect on sterane and terpane compounds,but also on polycyclic aromatic compounds. The order of the effect on the abovementioned compounds is naphthalene series→phenanthrene series→chresene series→triaromatic steroid hydrocarbons. the thickening also causes obvious fractionation of stablecarbon isotopes in crude oil. Heayy oil pools are mainly caused by later tectonic movements. In the rising process of hydrocarbon basins (including faulting and folding),paleopools might be destroyed,originally accumulated oil might migrate laterally or horizontally again. In this case,the oil might be biodesraded, oxidated and waterwashed and finallyform the heavy oil accumulation. The spatial distribution of heavy oil and air sands bearsclose relation to conventional oil.Heavy oil and tar sands are widely distributed in China,and the reserves are abundant.They play an important part in China’s oil resources.