苹果梨开花授粉结实特性研究

以苹果梨和南果梨为试材研究发现，苹果梨柱头从开花前1天起至5天内都具有一定接受花粉能力，但前3天接受花粉能力强，交配结实率高，后2天显降低。苹果梨自交不结实，自然杂交的结实率和单果有效种子数显低于人工杂交，人工杂交时，破蕾授粉，破蕾法雄授粉，去雄除花瓣授粉和除整个花冠授粉4种方法对杂交结实率和杂交果的生长发育无明显影响；除花瓣或花冠后未授粉的苹果梨无论隔离与否均不结实，但授粉结实正常。套袋隔离能降低杂交结实率，对杂交果生长发育也有一定影响，杂交时可选择次日开花的大花蕾除花冠后授粉杂交免除套袋隔离；也可直接破蕾授粉套袋隔离，免除去雄过程，减少杂交环节，提高育种效果。

Studies on the Property of Blossom Pollination and Bear Fruit of Pingguo Pear

The ability of accepting pllen of Pingguo pear could continue 5 days from the one day before flowering, but was stronger in the preceding 3 days and the bear fruit rate was higher.The self pollination of Pingguo pear was infructuous.The bear fruif rate,fr