How Cancer Cells Invade Bladder Epithelium and Form Tumors: The Mouse Bladder Tumor Model as a Model of Tumor Recurrence in Patients |
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| Authors: | Andreja Erman,Urš ka Kamenš ek,Urš ka Dragin Jerman,Mojca Pavlin,Maja Č emaž ar,Peter Veranič ,Rok Romih |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.E.); (U.D.J.); (P.V.);2.Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (U.K.); (M.Č.);3.Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;4.Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia |
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| Abstract: | Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is the most common form of bladder cancer. The main problem in managing bladder tumors is the high recurrence after the transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT). Our study aimed to examine the fate of intravesically applied cancer cells as the implantation of cancer cells after TURBT is thought to be a cause of tumor recurrence. We established an orthotopic mouse bladder tumor model with MB49-GFP cancer cells and traced them during the first three days to define their location and contacts with normal urothelial cells. Data were obtained by Western blot, immunolabeling, and light and electron microscopy. We showed that within the first two hours, applied cancer cells adhered to the traumatized epithelium by cell projections containing α3β1 integrin on their tips. Cancer cells then migrated through the epithelium and on day 3, they reached the basal lamina or even penetrated it. In established bladder tumors, E-cadherin and desmoplakin 1/2 were shown as feasible immunohistochemical markers of tumor margins based on the immunolabeling of various junctional proteins. Altogether, these results for the first time illustrate cancer cell implantation in vivo mimicking cellular events of tumor recurrence in bladder cancer patients. |
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| Keywords: | mouse bladder tumor model bladder tumor urinary bladder urothelium MB49 cancer cells intercellular junctions junctional protein |
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