The use of nitride intermediates in the preparation of metals. A study of the reduction of Nb2O5 with NH3 |
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Authors: | R A Guidotti D G Kesterke |
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Affiliation: | (1) Bureau of Mines, U. S. Department of the Interior, Reno Metallurgy Research Center, 89505 Reno, Nev. |
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Abstract: | A kinetics study of the reduction of Nb2O5 with NH3 was conducted at 600° to 1300°C, using vertical fixed-bed, flow-through reactors, with the goal of using the nitride as an
interme-diate in the preparation of niobium (columbium) metal via a thermal decomposition step. The effects of reactor materials
(stainless steel, nickel, molybdenum, graphite, alumina, and Vycor) upon ammonia reactivity toward Nb2O5 were investigated. At low temperatures, the metal reactor systems were more catalytically reactive, yielding faster rates
of reac-tion and a greater degree of nitride conversion, whereas at high temperatures, the non-metal reactor systems performed
better. In general, the initial reaction rate-temperature data exhibited a maximum, associated with oxynitride formation,
near 700°C for the metal reactor systems and 800° to 900°C for the nonmetal reactor systems, followed by a mini-mum, associated
with NbO2 formation, at 800° to 850°C for the metal reactor systems and 950° to 1000°C for the nonmetal reactor systems where NbN formation
commences. A sec-ond maximum, associated with the hexagonal NbN phase, occurred at 1200°C. The ranges of activation energies
for these regions were from 15 to 30 kcal/mole for region I, 8 to 22 kcal/mole for region II, and 10 to 22 kcal/mole for region
III. |
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