油水体系内水合物的生成:温度、压力和搅拌速率影响

水合物在管道内的生成对流动安全保障构成了极大威胁。为研究水合物在油水体系内的生成特性，本文以天然气、柴油、水为实验介质，在高压可视反应釜内开展了一系列不同温度、压力和搅拌速率的水合物生成实验。根据测试实验中温度、压力的变化趋势，首先分析了两种不同实验步骤下水合物的生成过程。然后，基于从反应釜可视窗处观察到的实验现象，研究了温度、压力和搅拌速率对水合物生成和分布位置、水合物生成形态及水合物形态演化过程的影响。实验中，可以观察到水合物的聚集、沉积和壁面膜生长现象。同时，实验还研究了温度、压力和搅拌转速对诱导时间、壁面水合物膜生长速率及气体消耗速率等水合物生成动力学参数的影响。本文研究成果可为油气管道水合物防治技术的发展提供理论支持。

Hydrate formation in oil-water systems: investigations of the influences of temperature,pressure and rotation rate

Hydrate formation in pipelines poses a great threat to pipeline flow assurance. To investigate the characteristics of hydrate formation in oil-water systems, a high-pressure cell equipped with visual windows was used where a series of hydrate formation experiments were performed from natural gas + diesel oil + water systems at different temperatures, pressures and rotation rates. According to the temperature and pressure profiles in test experiments, the processes of hydrate formation under two kinds of experimental procedures were analyzed first. Then, based on the experimental phenomena observed through the visual windows, the influences of temperature, pressure and rotation rate on the places of hydrate formation and distribution, hydrate morphologies and hydrate morphological evolvements were investigated. Hydrate agglomeration, hydrate deposition and hydrate film growth on the wall were observed in the experiments. In addition, the influences of temperature, pressure and rotation rate on the kinetic parameters of hydrate formation such as induction time, hydrate film growth rate and gas consumption rate were also studied. The results and conclusions in this paper can provide theoretical supports for the development of hydrate management strategies in oil and gas pipelines.