乳液聚合法制备HMX基PBX及安全性能分析

以奥克托今(HMX)为主体炸药,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为修饰材料,通过控制甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)加聚反应的工艺条件,采用乳液聚合法制备了HMX/PMMA复合含能微球。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)等对其进行表征,并对制备的PBX的安全性能进行分析与对比。结果表明:通过乳液聚合法形成了透光分散性良好的球形PBX,晶体质量明显改善;与原料HMX相比,晶型结构仍为β-HMX;H50从28.62cm升高到63.35cm,摩擦爆炸概率由98%降低至24%,安全性能明显提升。研究表明乳液聚合法是一种能够显著提高HMX安全性能的降感技术。

Preparation and Safety Performance Analysis of HMX-based PBX Via Emulsion Polymerization

Taking HMX as the main explosive and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the modified material,HMX/PMMA composite energetic microspheres were prepared via emulsion polymerization method,by controlling the process conditions of the methyl methacrylate(MMA)polyaddition reaction.The resultant composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD),etc.Then the safety performance of the prepared PBX was analyzed and compared.The results show that the spherical PBX with good light transmittance and dispersibility was formed by the emulsion polymerization method,and the crystal quality was obviously improved.The crystal structure maintained β-HMX compared to the raw HMX.The H50 was increased from 28.62 cm to 63.35cm,and the frictional explosion probability was decreased from 98% to 24%,the safety performance was improved significantly.The study show that the emulsion polymerization method is a desensitization technology that effectively enhances the safety of HMX.