木质素基功能材料的制备与应用研究进展

木质素是植物中含量第二大的天然有机高分子聚合物，以来源于制浆造纸和生物质炼制中的工业木质素为原料，制备具有特殊功能的高附加值材料，对木质素进行资源化高效利用、解决化石资源日趋紧缺及环境污染等问题具有重要意义。近年来，研究人员利用各种技术制备了许多种类的木质素基功能材料，如载药微胶囊、防紫外剂、抗老化剂、光催化剂载体、炭电极材料等。本文介绍了木质素基功能材料的国内外最新研究进展，总结了木质素基功能材料的不同制备工艺和应用领域，评述了木质素微观结构及制备工艺对材料结构特性和应用性能的影响。指出木质素基功能材料的研究是涉及多个学科交叉的前沿课题，但如何高效制备结构规整可控且性能优异的木质素基功能材料仍然是一个具有挑战性的课题。今后的研究应加强对木质素微观结构及其调控机理的研究，以便可以更好地利用其自身的三维网状结构和大量芳香结构等特性制备基于木质素特性的功能材料。

Recent progress in the preparation and application of lignin-based functional materials

Lignin is the second most abundant natural organic polymer in plants. Industrial lignin derived from paper-making and biorefinery processes is utilized to develop functional materials, which plays a great role for the mitigation of fossil resource crisis and environmental pollution and so on. Various lignin-based functional materials have been prepared, including drug-loaded capsules, UV blockers, antioxidants, catalyst carriers, carbon electrodes and so on. This review introduced recent research progresses of lignin-based functional materials, summarized the preparation methods and application fields. The influence of the lignin microstructures and preparation methods lignin on the properties and application performance of the functional materials were also reviewed. Developing lignin-based functional materials is a frontier topic of multidisciplinary. However, how to prepare lignin-based functional materials with controllable structures and excellent performance is still a challenge. Future researches should focus on the microstructures of lignin and its regulation mechanisms, so that it can better use its three-dimensional and aromatic structures to prepare functional materials.