水力旋流器研究现状及其在煤化工废水处理中的应用前景

水力旋流器是利用离心力场进行两相流体分离的设备，具有体积小、效率高、结构简单和安装便捷等特点，广泛应用于化工、石油及地下开采等工业领域。本工作主要介绍了旋流器的工作原理、理论研究和应用现状，从数值模拟、旋流器的结构参数、操作参数和物性参数及应用技术拓展等方面综述了水力旋流器的研究现状，并针对煤化工废水水质高乳化、高分散和高粘度等特点，综合分析了水力旋流器在煤化工废水预处理中的应用前景。旋流器模拟与实验相结合为目前研究的主要方向，深度分析了旋流器内两相流的运动状态，为旋流器结构改良提供理论依据，推动旋流器快速发展。旋流器结构改良设计和操作参数的优化均有一定局限性，油水物性是影响油水分离的决定性因素。因此，前期对含油废水进行预处理极为重要，可采用破乳剂或絮凝剂、超声或微波等方法改善含油废水的物性，对含油废水物性的研究和改善并结合数值模拟的应用将是未来提高水力旋流器分离效率的发展方向，旋流器在煤化工废水除油脱焦粉工艺中有很好的经济效益和广阔的应用前景。

Research status of hydrocyclone and its application prospect in wastewater treatment of coal chemical industry

The hydrocyclone is a kind of effective device for two-phase fluids separation using centrifugal force field. Although the hydrocyclone has a simple structure and small size, its separation efficiency is very high and it can be easily installed. Therefore, it is widely used in chemical, petroleum and underground mining industries. First, this work mainly introduces the working principle, theoretical research and application status of the hydrocyclone. The research development of hydrocyclone is discussed from the aspects of numerical simulation, structural parameters, operating parameters and physical parameters, as well as the progress of its application technology. And based on the characteristics: high emulsification, high dispersion and high viscosity of coal chemical wastewater water, the application prospect of hydrocyclone in coal chemical wastewater pretreatment is discussed. The combination of simulation and experiment of hydrocyclone has become the main research direction. The fluid condition of two-phase flow in hydrocyclone is deeply discussed, which provides theoretical basis for the improvement of the hydrocyclone structure, which is conducive to the rapid development of hydrocyclone and people's in depth understanding of it, and expands the application scope of hydrocyclone. We found that the research on structure improvement and operation parameters optimization of hydrocyclone are quite limited and the key to effective oil?water separation is the properties of the fluids. Therefore, it is very important to pretreat oily wastewater in the beginning. Demulsifier or flocculant, ultrasonic or microwave can be used to improve the physical properties of oily wastewater. For oily wastewater treatment, the detailed researches on the effects of oily wastewater?s physical properties and the application of numerical simulation will guide us to improve the separation efficiency of hydrocyclone in the future. It is certain that the hydrocyclone will have good economic benefits and wide application prospects in the deoiling and decoking process of coal-chemical wastewater.