五种黄酮类分子印迹分离技术研究及应用进展

分子印迹技术用于从复杂的结构类似物混合物中选择性提取黄酮类化合物已经引起近年来的广泛关注。采用传统方法所制备的分子印迹聚合物（MIP）存在诸多缺点，限制了其应用发展。本文主要对5种典型黄酮类化合物（槲皮素、芦丁、异槲皮苷、葛根素、山奈酚）在分子印迹分离方面的研究及应用情况进行综述；对MIP的模拟、合成、表征、应用及优化进行了讨论；采用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合（RAFT）技术、磁功能化、计算机模拟、优化固相萃取性能参数等措施可以增强MIP印迹结合容量、选择性、传质和分离的程度；指出了开发新单体，引入新聚合方法，提高MIP制备效率，开发大分子检测MIP，使用MIP作为微流体工具，提出合成MIP的新配置，优化MIP的合理设计，探索MIP的大规模合成方法等发展趋势，可为黄酮类化合物及其类似物的分子印迹分离研究提供参考。

Progress in research and application of five kinds of flavonoids molecular imprinting separation technique

Molecular imprinting technique for the selective extraction of flavonoids from complex structural analog mixtures has attracted widespread attention in recent years. The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) prepared by the conventional method has many disadvantages, which limits its application and development. In this paper, the research and application of five typical flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, isoquercitrin, puerarin, kaempferol) in molecular imprinting separation were summarized. The simulation, synthesis, characterization, application and optimization of MIP were discussed. The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer radical polymerization (RAFT) technique, magnetic functionalization, computer simulation, and optimization of solid phase extraction performance parameters can enhance the binding capacity, selectivity, mass transfer and separation of MIP imprinting. It points out the developed trend of developing new monomers, introducing new polymerization methods, improving the prepared efficiency of MIP, developing MIP for macromolecule detection, using MIP as microfluidic tool, proposing new configurations for synthesizing MIP, optimizing the rational design of MIP, and exploring large-scale synthesis methods of MIP. It can provide reference for molecular imprinting separation of flavonoids and their analogues.