油煤浆黏温特性研究进展

煤直接液化技术是缓解石油供需矛盾、实现煤炭清洁高效利用的重要技术途径之一，油煤浆的黏温特性对其配制、输送、加压、预热及反应性能具有重要影响。本文从油煤浆黏温特性的变化规律、研究方法、变化机理、影响因素等方面的研究进展进行了综述。在升温过程中，油煤浆流变特性表现为非牛顿流体，具有剪切稀化特性；高温高压下黏度测定方法主要有4种；分析黏温特性变化机理：煤浆制备和升温阶段黏度变化主要由溶胀作用导致，高温阶段主要由煤裂解产生沥青质（尤其是前沥青烯）导致；从溶剂、煤的性质（煤阶、显微组分及粒径分布）、剪切速率、油煤浆浓度、催化剂和氢分压等方面分析了油煤浆黏温特性的影响因素。最后指出了未来油煤浆黏温特性的研究方向，为我国煤直接液化技术的进一步发展提供参考。

Review of research progress on viscosity-temperature characteristics of coal oil slurry

Coal direct liquefaction technology is one of the important technical ways to alleviate the contradiction between oil supply and demand and realize clean and efficient utilization of coal. The viscosity-temperature characterization of coal oil slurry has an important influence on its preparation, transportation, pressure, and preheating and reaction performance. This paper reviewed the research progress of the viscosity-temperature characteristics of coal oil slurry in terms of its changing rules, research methods, changing mechanism and influencing factors. During the heating process, the rheological properties of coal oil slurry were characterized by non-Newtonian fluid and shear thinning. There were four main methods for measuring viscosity under high temperature and pressure. The change mechanism of viscosity-temperature characteristics was analyzed. The change of viscosity in coal slurry preparation and heating stage was mainly caused by swelling, and in high temperature stage was mainly caused by asphaltene (especially pre-asphaltene) produced by coal pyrolysis. The effects of solvent, coal properties (coal rank, macerals and particle size distribution), shear rate, concentration of coal oil slurry, catalysts and hydrogenation pressure on the viscosity-temperature characteristics of coal oil slurry were analyzed. Finally, the research direction of viscosity-temperature characteristics of coal oil slurry in the future was pointed out, which could provide reference for the further development of coal direct liquefaction technology in China.