A novel lanthanum-modified bentonite,Phoslock, for phosphate removal from wastewaters |
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| Affiliation: | 1. ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;3. Division of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia;1. Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Regional Water Authority Brabantse Delta, P.O. Box 5520, 4801 DZ Breda, The Netherlands;1. Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Rua Santa Adélia, 166, Santo André CEP 09210-170, SP, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental, Núcleo de Estudos, Diagnósticos e Intervenções Ambientais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Cx. Postal 676, São Carlos CEP 13565-905, SP, Brazil;3. Department of Chemistry/CCET, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão CEP 49100-000, SE, Brazil;1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China;2. Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;1. Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental/Núcleo de Estudos, Diagnósticos e Intervenções Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Caixa Postal 676, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil;2. Centro de Recursos Hídricos e Ecologia Aplicada, Universidade de São Paulo, Rodovia Domingos Innocentini, km 13, 13560-970, Itirapina, SP, Brazil;3. Laboratório de Poços de Caldas, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Rodovia Poços de Caldas-Andradas, km 13, 37701-970, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil;4. Centro de Pesquisas Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello/Petrobras, Avenida Horácio Macedo, 950, 21941-915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;1. Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark;2. Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark;3. Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;4. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland EH26 0QB, UK;5. Institut Dr. Nowak, Mayenbrook 1, D-28870 Ottersberg, Germany;6. Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Phoslock®, a lanthanum-modified bentonite, has been investigated for phosphate uptake from synthetic and real wastewaters in laboratory and field. In laboratory tests, equilibrium and kinetics were studied at various temperatures, ionic strength, and pHs. The investigation indicated that phosphate adsorption occurs through a chemisorption process. The activation energy of the adsorption process was calculated based on pseudo-second order rate constant. The maximum adsorption capacity of Phoslock was unaffected at pH 5–7, but decreased at higher pHs. The monovalent phosphate anion, H2PO4−, had the greatest affinity for the adsorbent surface. Furthermore, it was also shown that the activation energy was lower at a higher solution pH attributed to the loss of adsorption sites at the higher pHs while it remained unaffected by the ionic strength of the solution. A field test also demonstrated that the Phoslock works well for phosphate uptake in polluted waters. |
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