单道多层电弧增材制造成形控制理论分析

文中采用冷金属过渡（CMT）技术，围绕船用高强钢的电弧增材制造（WAAM）开展研究. 分析不同比例的保护气体对单道单层形貌尺寸的影响. 结果表明，单道单层的润湿铺展能力随着保护气中CO₂含量的增加而提高，并建立了能够准确预测80%Ar + 20%CO₂混合气体保护下单道单层截面轮廓的全周期余弦函数模型. 依据单道多层电弧增材的成形特点，利用面积关系并根据几何形貌建立了单道多层抬升量h的预测模型，抬升量h预测值的相对误差不超过3.50%. 通过建立抬升量预测模型，为单道多层的电弧增材成形控制提供了理论支撑.

Research on forming control for single-pass multi-layer of WAAM

The wire & arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of cold metal transfer (CMT) for high-strength marine steel was studied. By analyzing the influence of different proportion of shielding gas on the morphology of single-pass single-layer, the results showed that the wetting capacity of single-pass single-layer increases with the increase of CO₂ in the shielding gas. And a full-period cosine function prediction model was established, which could accurately predict the section profile of single-pass single-layer under 80% Ar + 20% CO₂ shielding gas. According to the forming characteristics of single-pass multi-layer, a prediction model for single-pass multi-layer uplift distance h was established based on the area relationship and geometric morphology. The relative error of the predicted value of uplift distance h was less than 3.50%. By establishing the uplift distance model, it provided theoretical support for single-pass multi-layer of wire & arc additive manufacturing.