Theoretical model and implementation of a real time intelligent bin status monitoring system using rule based decision algorithms

Due to the rising trend of urbanization along with overconsumption of non-recyclable resources, the volume of municipal solid waste is increasing every day. An efficient, cost effective and environment friendly solution for real time bin status monitoring, collection and transportation of municipal solid waste is still a major challenge to the local municipal authorities. This research proposes a novel model, architecture and intelligent sensing algorithm for real time solid waste bin monitoring system that would contribute to the solid waste collection optimization. The monitoring application is based on decision algorithms for sensing solid waste data in a wireless sensor network. The system is built on a three level architecture like smart bin, gateway and control station. The elementary concept is that, smart bins collect their status when any changes occur and transmit the status data to a server via an intermediate coordinator. A set of applications in server presents the updated bin status on real time. The field test performances show that the system can efficiently monitor real time bin status that makes it feasible to decide, which bin should collect and which should not. Thus the proposed system has achieved its goal to provide real time bin status information to the solid waste management operator. Later, this information can be used for collection route optimization to reduce collection costs and carbon emissions which in turn contribute to build green society.