Potential for biofuels from the biomass of prickly pear cladodes: Challenges for bioethanol and biogas production in dry areas |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Nuclear Energy, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil;2. Interdepartmental Research Group in Metabolic Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil;3. Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil;4. Deparment of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil;6. Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Brazil;7. Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco/IPA, Secretary of Agriculture of the State of Pernambuco, 50761-000, Recife, Brazil;8. Laboratory of Bioprocessing, Research Center for Strategic Technologies of the Northeast Brazil/CETENE, 50740-540, Recife, Brazil;1. Departamento de Irrigación, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera Mexico-Texcoco, Chapingo, 56230, Texcoco de Mora, Mexico;2. Departamento de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera Mexico-Texcoco, Chapingo, 56230, Texcoco de Mora, Mexico;3. Centre for Sustainable Agricultural Technologies, P.O. Box 29683, Riccarton, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand;1. University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy;2. Boston University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Materials Science & Engineering, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, United States;3. The Leone Family Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering, The EMS Energy Institute, and The Institutes of Energy and the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;1. Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970 Natal, Brazil;2. CEB – Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;3. Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Blvd. V. Carranza e Ing. José Cárdenas Valdés, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico;1. Laboratory of Wind Energy Control and Waste Energy Recovery, LMEEVED, Research and Technology Centre of Energy, CRTEn, B.P. 95, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia;2. Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, El Manar II, Tunis, Tunisia;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain;4. IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain;1. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ETSII, Department of Chemical Engineering, c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain;2. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ETSIA, Agroenergy Group, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Prickly pear is a term used to refer to several species of cactus belonging primarily to the genus Opuntia. In general, these species present an exceptional ability to produce biomass in soil and climate conditions unfavorable for most plant species, in part due to their high water use efficiency. Given the current increase demand for renewable energy and the future prospect of more limited water resources, the potential use of prickly pear cladodes for biofuel production deserves to be investigated. The objectives of this study were to gather information on the chemical composition of prickly pear biomass from the most cultivated varieties in NE Brazil, discuss the potential of processing biomass for ethanol and biogas production and to point out gaps in know-how and priorities for research on this topic. We quantified in the tree varieties studied significant amounts of uronic acids (10.7%) and oxalic acid (10.3%), confirming the reports of high amounts of pectin and calcium oxalate in cladodes of prickly pear. The estimated potential of ethanol production for prickly pear (1490–1875 L ha−1 yr−1) was low when compared to traditional biomass sources (sugarcane and sugar beet, for example). However, it appears that prickly pear stands out as a biomass with potential for high production rates of methane (3717 m3 ha−1 yr−1), being comparable to traditional energy crops. Further studies are needed to assess more consistently both the sustainability of biomass production as the potential for ethanol, and biogas production, specially for newly released varieties of prickly pear. |
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| Keywords: | Bioenergy Bioethanol Biogas Pectin |
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