Bioaccessibility and changes on cylindrospermopsin concentration in edible mussels with storage and processing time |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CIIMAR/CIMAR – Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal;2. Faculty of Sciences, Porto University, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;3. Department of Environmental Health, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, CISA/Research Center in Environment and Health, Rua de Valente Perfeito, 322, 4400-330 Gaia, Portugal;4. Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal;1. Central Queensland University, School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Gladstone, Qld 4680, Australia;2. Smart Water Research Centre and Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4215, Australia;3. Central Queensland University, School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Rockhampton, Qld 4702, Australia;1. Unidade de Água e Solo, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisboa, Portugal;2. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal;3. IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal;4. Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal;5. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4069-007, Porto, Portugal;1. Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India;2. Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India;1. Observatory of Herb-Drug Interactions/Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal;2. College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA;3. Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal;4. Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal;5. Internal Medicine Service, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos, Portugal;6. CQ - Centre of Chemistry – Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Rua Larga, University of Coimbra, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | The alkaloid cylindrospermopsin has been recognized of increased concern due to the global expansion of its main producer, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. Previous studies have shown that bivalves can accumulate high levels of cylindrospermopsin. Based on the potential for human health risks, a provisional tolerable daily intake of 0.03 μg/kg-body weight has been recommended. However, the human exposure assessment has been based on the cylindrospermopsin concentration in raw food items. Thus, this study aimed to assess the changes on cylindrospermopsin concentration in edible mussels with storage and processing time as well as cylindrospermopsin bioaccessibility. Mussels, (Mytilus galloprovincialis) fed cylindrospermopsin-producing C. raciborskii, were subjected to the treatments and then analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Mussels stored frozen allowed a significantly higher recovery of cylindrospermopsin (52.5% in 48 h and 57.7% in one week). The cooking treatments did not produce significant differences in cylindrospermopsin concentration in the mussel matrices (flesh), however, cylindrospermopsin was found in the cooking water, suggesting that heat processing can be used to reduce the availability of cylindrospermopsin. The in vitro digestion considerably decreased the cylindrospermopsin availability in uncooked and steamed mussels, highlighting the importance in integrating the bioaccessibility of cylindrospermopsinin in the human health risk assessment. |
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| Keywords: | Bioaccessibility Cylindrospermopsin Food storage Food processing ACN" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" acetonitrile CYN" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" cylindrospermopsin CYP450" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" cytochrome P450 FA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" formic acid FAO" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GSH" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" glutathione HACCP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points LC-MS/MS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry LOQ" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" limit of quantification MRM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" multiple reaction monitoring SD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" standard deviation TDI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" tolerable daily intake ww" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" wet weight |
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